Environment Pollution

Pollution in the Straits of Malacca comes from air, sea, and land sources. The most urgent environmental issue facing the Straits of Malacca is likely pollution from land-based operations. Operational vessel emissions, including fishing vessels, and potentially disastrous oil spills from tanker mishaps are the main sources of sea-based pollution. Partially deposited in the sea, atmospheric pollution from diffused sources is more challenging to quantify.

Land based sources of marine pollution

🏭 Industrial

Industrial activities produce 3 general types of wastes :


  • Gas
  • Heavy or trace metals are common waste products produced by industrial processes.

  • Trash
  • Trash waste examples include items like food scraps, packaging, paper, plastics, glass

  • Water
  • Oil and grease from the production of beverages, the sea food canning business, the textile, chemical, and rubber industries, and vessel pollution have all consistently polluted the Strait waters.


🏠 Domestic Source

The majority of municipal or home trash is sewage that is released with little to no treatment and contains organic and biological pollutants.


🌱 Agricultural sources

The Strait of Malacca has a higher nutrient content due to surface runoff and the leaching of agrochemicals like fertiliser and pesticides.


Sea based pollution

Oil spills, marine traffic, and marine dumping are the main causes of marine pollution in the Straits.

Water Pollution Resources